The Safety and Long-term Effectiveness of the Atkins Diet :: Health Nutrition Diet Exercise Essays

Low-carbohydrate diets, such as the Atkins diet, may not be the best choice for weight loss due to long-term ineffectiveness, potentially negative side effects and a lack of long-term research. Ever since the recent popularization of the Atkins diet researchers have been trying to prove Dr. Atkins’ claims and determine whether or not the diet is safe. The current body of research available on dieting supports a diet low in fat and high in complex carbohydrates with an emphasis on calorie reduction. Studies have also shown a strong link between diets high in fat and both increased cholesterol and increased risk of heart disease. The Atkins diet is the opposite of what has generally been recommended; it requires the reduction of carbohydrates to 5% or less of total calories leaving fat and protein to make up the rest. The high fat and low-carbohydrate content of this diet goes against most diet research, has potentially harmful side effects and there is insufficient e vidence to judge the long-term effectiveness of the Atkins diet. The long-term effectiveness can be determined by the ability of dieters to lose and maintain weight loss with few negative side effects. Weight maintenance is as important as weight loss to long-term health. One nutritionist said, â€Å"the American public needs to be told that diets are not followed for 8 days, 8 weeks, or 8 months, but rather form the basis of everyday food choices throughout their life† (Blackthorn). The Atkins diet may act more as a quick fix without really offering a long-term solution. Preliminary studies show that the Atkins diet is unable to maintain weight loss. While low-carbohydrate diets do initially cause weight loss, most dieters begin to regain weight after six months. One study showed that, after 12 months, dieters following the Atkins diet had regained over 30% of weight that they had lost in the first six months on the diet, dropping from 7% cumulative body weight loss at six months to 4.4% cumulative body weight loss at 12 months. This weight gain may in part be due to the difficulty dieters have in following the dietary recommendations, but if the Atkins diet cannot help dieters keep the weight off than it is no better than any other diet we have and the side effects may be worse.

Final Project: Analyze a Sociological Issue

Axia college of university of phoenix| Final Project: Analyze a Sociological Issue| SOC 120 | | | February 15, 2009| Project: Analyze a Sociological Issue In this course you have learned about many different kinds of social problems and controversial issues in societies around the world and in the United States, such as poverty, social inequality, race and cultural discrimination, gender stratification, environmental damage, population growth, and urbanization. ? Due Date: Day 7 [post to the Individual forum] Write a 1,750- to 2,450-word paper examining the impact of a current social problem on a particular social group. You may choose a social problem and social group from the Suggested Social Problems and Social Groups List in Appendix A, or you can research a social problem and social group that is not in the list. However, if you choose your own, you will need to submit a request to the instructor by Week 4. Format the paper according to APA style. Cite 3 to 5 sources; at least two should come from the Online Library. You can also refer to the Recommended Web Sites list in the Electronic Resources section at the beginning of this syllabus for additional sources. Note: Sources other than those from the Online Library or the Recommended Web Sites list need to be approved by the instructor. Submit the paper as an attachment| Racial Discrimination and Hispanics in the United States Even though the population of Hispanic People is growing in the United States, the Hispanic People are still somewhat discriminated against. Growing up in the South West, I have seen many changes in Race and its role in the community I live in. Recent growth in immigration from Mexico has brought about many different feelings and faces to this community. Phoenix, Arizona has become a place of much racial diversity and racial tensions. Hispanic cultures are a prevalent part in Arizona and the Mexican people have become a major part of Arizona politics, I was talking with a Postal Delivery Person and he stated that most new occupants are of Hispanic Descent, and this trend seems to be on the rise. In this community the white race is still predominate but change will come in as the Hispanic Peoples will become more predominate than white, English speaking people, soon I will have to speak two languages, which in my case, I do. Conventional wisdom holds that Latin America is a highly discriminatory society. â€Å"Understanding the extent of such discrimination and exploring the channels through which it operates deserve special attention†. (Alberto Chong,   Hugo Nopo). (2008). Racial discrimination is a term used to describe unruly or unfair behavior afflicted on individuals based on their race. Historically, racism existed from ancient times, one particular race always tried to exert its supremacy over the others resulting in a concept known as racial discrimination. â€Å"Before I go any further, we need to know what makes up Hispanic America†. Mexican Americans: Mexican Americans have become a part of American and have given America much to brag about; through a growing political presence the Mexican community has brought a culture that is rich in heritage which is a vital part of modern America. Mexican Americans have attained socioeconomic and linguistic assimilation as well as legal status. Most are in pursuit of the American Dream of freedom and financial release. Dominican Americans: The native language of Dominicans is Spanish with English being a second language, many Dominicans hold fast to the Dominican Republic as their homeland and many Dominicans migrate back to their country where they were born. Immigration issues abound in this culture, many Dominicans come to America illegally by way of Puerto Rico; Dominicans enjoy living the American dream with the American culture already understood by many before they come to America. Puerto Rican Americans: Puerto Rico is a Commonwealth of the United States and has its own Constitution, Legislature and Governor, all subject to United States Executive Authority. English is taught in schools in Puerto Rico but Spanish is the primary language, due to Commonwealth status, all Puerto Ricans are American Citizens (considered migrants versus immigrants), much is debated in the political arena, with may advocating for full United States statehood and those who wish for complete independence from the United States. Cuban Americans: Many Cuban Americans have come to the United States through political exile, and many have settled in Miami, Florida and a significant number living throughout the United States. The Cuban American, coming to America, in Miami, have created a type of reverse assimilation into American culture, bringing about the terminology known as reverse acculturation, where the residents in Miami have accepted political dominance as well as the economic impact Cuban Americans have on this geographical area. From humble beginnings, earlier generations viewed as lower forms of society, worked hard and obtained citizenship that proved the resiliency of this Hispanic American. Religion has played a major role in most Hispanic American culture; the Roman Catholic Church has influenced many Hispanic Americans but a trend to move away from the Catholic Church, with many Hispanic Americans becoming Protestant, most being Baptist. At any case, Most Hispanic Americans are Religious, and this influences many in today’s Hispanic American culture. One would think that modern society would have learned how to cope with racial discrimination and especially with Hispanics and all the contributions that this Ethnic Group has given to the United States. As American society’s diverse population grows in the next Century the Hispanic Population will continue to grow as well as contribute to our Nation’s economy and society. Hispanic Americans have become a part of America, and have given America much to brag about; through a growing political presence the Hispanic community has brought a culture that is rich in heritage which is a vital part of modern America. Hispanic Americans have attained socioeconomic and linguistic assimilation as well as legal status. Most are in pursuit of the American Dream of freedom and financial release. In America’s case racial discrimination is a reality among Native Americans, African Americans, Hispanic Americans and other immigrant groups and in spite of the ethnic growth throughout America over the past 30 years, racial minority groups like Hispanics continues to struggle for full Equal Rights. Hispanic or Latin Americans make up 12. 5 percent of America’s population, but Hispanics always have been considered a minority group and continue to be discriminated against in the work place as well as seeking accommodation and gaining other public services. Since 911 things have gotten worse in states that border Mexico, for anyone with darker colored skin, according to National Catholic Reporter,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"At Ray Carrillo's welding yard in El Paso, Texas, neighbors talk about the Guard. They also talk about citizen militias like the Minutemen–a local one is called the Border Regulators–that have appeared. And they talk about the sheriff, who has detained more than 800 undocumented persons at roadblocks and turned them over to the Border Patrol. Deputies even asked U. S. citizens who looked Mexican to present papers, according to residents who say they were asked. In late October deputies confronted shop owner Jose Rodriguez, who had posted a handwritten sign in Spanish on his property warning neighbors of a renewed roadblock. Rodriguez's wife, Maria, said the family now felt â€Å"threatened. † A deputy had called for backup and more patrol cars arrived, according to the couple. â€Å"Now I am going to be here seven days a week,† they said the deputy insisted. When Rodriguez complained, â€Å"You're going to break my business,† a deputy said, â€Å"We're going to be here until you close your business,† according to the couple†. McConahay, M. J. (Nov 17, 2006). Hispanic residents wonder if they're friend or foe). As National security is a concern to every American Citizen, â€Å"including Hispanic Americans† We must differentiate between enemy and friend. In Maricopa County, the County Sheriff Joe Arpaio and County Attorney Andrew Thomas have enforced immigration laws and created a task force that targe ts illegal aliens and those who hire them and is of much debate among the Hispanic community in Arizona. The key racial issue in this area is illegal immigration and the effect this problem has had on violent crime in Maricopa County and rising crime in my neighborhood. According to a Maricopa County Attorney News Release, (October 2, 2008), â€Å"An analysis of all defendants sentenced for felonies in 2007 in Maricopa County Superior Court shows 18. 7% to in the United States illegally. Factoring in a random sample of those whose immigration status was initially unknown and later determined to be illegal, the study finds that number rises to 21. %†. This has a direct effect on me and those who are close to me because, it is not known if we should plan to defend our property and make it more secure. With increased problems due to increased migration from Mexico and other countries throughout Mexico, I may be forced to move to a different area where I and my family will feel more secure. The media in the Maricopa County area has different views on the issue of illegal immigration and the so called Illegal Immigration Round-Ups. With most of the media taking the safe route, there are a few that speak out against the County Attorney and the County Sheriff, claiming both are bias and use racial profiling as a means of locating illegal aliens in these Round-Ups. All of these statistics have a profound effect upon the Hispanic American community, when racial profiling continues even when the Hispanics of the United States have been here longer than many other racial groups, the law needs to reconsider how they move forward with security, and what many consider harassment. We can see this during World War II, when America viewed Japanese victories in the Russo-Japanese War reinforced the belief that the Western World was facing a yellow peril. For two decades, after the Russo-Japanese War many Americans believed that a United States war with Japan was inevitable. The image of the yellow peril was mirrored for Americans by the writings of various authors, newspaper editors, columnists, and movies in which Orientals were portrayed as sinister villains engaged in activities of vengeance and treachery. Many Japanese Americans were subjected to concentration camps in Arizona and throughout the Western United States. If American society does not take into account what happened during these dark years of World War II, we may see issues with Hispanics in America being forced to live in certain areas consigned to the Hispanic Community due to boarder tensions with Mexico and Latin Americas. According to the racial discrimination act, it is illegal to discriminate people in the areas of public life on the basis of their race. These areas include employment, housing accommodation, real estate buying, and provision of goods and services, accessing public places, using public transportation services and in advertising. Under this act, even an offensive or abusive behavior or language that is based on racial vilification is prohibited. In my opinion, it is difficult to accurately measure prejudice in America but to a certain degree, yes, prejudice can be measured. When I say â€Å"to a certain degree†; one cannot know for certain if the person is totally prejudiced against another race. My preference for people of my ethnic background does not make me prejudice. I believe the human race as a whole comes from one blood, but for some reason has taken on the different characteristics we now see in the diverse human race. Racial Tensions as well as Prejudice against those who have come to America in the last century have excelled for no apparent reason as we that make up modern America, that came to this beautiful country at one time or another, many racial groups have faced prejudice such as the Irish and Italian immigrants, African Americans, and the list goes on and on. It seems as though wherever human society is, there will always be discrimination against some group or groups. I believe we as American Citizens must come together (especially in these tough economic times) and create a wonderful diverse America, where â€Å"everyone† can be proud of the American flag and the land of the free as our ancestors who migrated to America did. Reference (s): Axia College of University of Phoenix (2008). Chapter One Through Sixteen, Society: The Basics, Eighth Edition by John J. Macionis (2006). Retrieved February 15, 2009, from Axia College, Week Six reading, SOC 120 Introduction to Sociology aXcess Web site. Axia College of University of Phoenix (2008). Racial and Ethnic Groups, Tenth Edition. Retrieved Feburary 15, 2009, from Axia College, Week Six reading, ETH 125 Cultural Diversity aXcess Web site. Alberto Chong,   Hugo Nopo. (2008). The Mystery of Discrimination in Latin America/Comments. Economia,  8(2),  79-115. Retrieved February 13, 2009, from ABI/INFORM Global  database. (Document ID:  1579566311). McConahay, M. J. (Nov 17, 2006). Hispanic residents wonder if they're friend or foe. National Catholic Reporter,  43,  5. p. 7 (2). Retrieved  February 15, 2009,  from  General OneFile  via  Gale: http://find. galegroup. com/ips/start. do? prodId=IPS Maricopa County Attorney News Release, October 2, 2008. Retrieved February 15, 2009 from: http://www. mcaodocuments. com/press/20081002_a. pdf Information about Hispanic Americans Retrieved Feburary15, 2009 from the following Web site (s): http://www. topuertorico. org/people. shtml http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Cuban_American http://www. mexicanamericans. com

With Most Things In Life, Practice Makes Perfect, Or At

With most things in life, practice makes perfect, or at least close to perfect. Whenever an individual is introduced to a new way of doing something, it is expected that they struggle a bit, before fully understanding how to do it. This concept can be applied to various parts of my life, but most importantly, my education. In my first semester of college, I was in English Composition 101. Not having a teacher that was focused on interacting with the students and walking me through the writing process really had a negative impact on my learning. I had never been asked to write an analysis paper prior to that class and when expected to do so, you could say I fumbled the ball quite a few times. As this course came to an end, my ignorant teen†¦show more content†¦This topic sentence included two characters which were both illustrated and explained as to how and why they impacted the text. Including both of these characters within the same paragraph affected the interpretation of how each character was significant to the story. It also limited the space I had to analyze a single character within that same scene in depth. For essay three, I had to revise and edit essay one, and strengthen the argument I presented. I chose to split this paragraph and focus on only one character for each paragraph. â€Å"In the opening scene which takes place at the Watson’s home, Doyle gives Mr. Watson an important task, by conforming Mrs. Watson to a housewife model because she is incapable of handling a situation herself.† The new topic sentence improved my essay’s organization by distinguishing how each character impacted the text on their own. Not only did this separation allow me to add more context within my paper, but it strengthened my analysis by giving more illustratrations and explanations. This substantial revision helped improve my developing as a writer by making each of my body paragraphs more organized. Another area in which I also improved in as a writer, is my transitioning between paragraphs. Transitioning between two different ideas has always been a struggle of mine. I used to not know how to properly transition, so I would simply startShow MoreRelatedGlossophobia Speech1021 Words   |  5 Pagesglossophobia may be just a phobia, while other cases may just be as simple as stage fright. Throughout my life, I have had to give speeches on topics from Justin Bieber to the Jack Trice football stadium in Ames, and each minute is one I will never get back. Even though speeches are something I hate doing, I feel as though I learn something new each time I give a speech. 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The Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne - 1632 Words

When this book was given out, many people probably could not wait for it to be over. Friends, parents, even teachers talked about how hard it is to get through. In fact, the majority of people, including myself, wondered how teenagers living in the 21st century could possibly connect to this story. The typical teenager’s daily life revolves around getting lunch at Panera, studying for many tests in one day, and competing for the most amount of likes on Instagram. So how could a book about a girl who commits adultery and is ridiculed by her whole community for her actions possibly be related to? Believe it or not, The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne has many themes that are still portrayed in today’s modern society. Some of these themes include acceptance within society, reputation based on previous actions, and how closely related revenge and guilt are to one another. The overall theme both in the novel and in real life regarding acceptance is that sometimes peopl e do not accept things that cannot even be controlled. For example, in The Scarlet Letter, when Pearl was brought into the world, she had no idea that she was the result of Hester Prynne’s adultery. Because of this, she also did not know why the community and everyone around her treated her differently and like she did not belong in their society. She was often thought of as being the living symbol of the scarlet letter and she eventually got used to the constant glares and many interrogations from theShow MoreRelatedThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1242 Words   |  5 PagesLYS PAUL Modern Literature Ms. Gordon The Scarlet Letter The scarlet letter is book written by Nathaniel Hawthorne who is known as one the most studied writers because of his use of allegory and symbolism. He was born on July 4, 1804 in the family of Nathaniel, his father, and Elizabeth Clark Hathorne his mother. 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Essay on Gun Control in America Today - 4398 Words

During the Vietnam War, more than twice as many Americans were killed with firearms in the U.S. than died in combat. Today, firearms are used in approximately 65% of the 11,000 homicides a year. Suicides are carried out via a gun 57% of the 16,600 a year (â€Å"GunCite† 49). These statistics pose the question, â€Å"Would there be that many fewer deaths if guns were banned altogether? Or would these deaths occur just the same but by other means?† Studies on both a local and a national level have shown that the majority of murders are committed by those with previous criminal records. The â€Å"crimes of passion† are not very common; rather, most murders are planned and therefore would occur no matter what weapon is to be used (â€Å"GunCite† 49).†¦show more content†¦All of the amendments in the Bill of Rights protect individual rights, why should the Second Amendment be different (â€Å"GunCite† 2)? Also, when drafting the Second Amendment , the words â€Å"for the common defense† were taken out, showing a more individual intent (Cooper 169). The statement â€Å"the right of the people† clearly shows that the forefathers of the constitution intended for the private ownership of firearms. Their interpretation of the â€Å"well regulated militia† is that of citizens being soldiers. These â€Å"soldiers† should be everyday men with the ability to resist the federal government should it become too powerful (National Rifle Association 218). According to Stephen Halbrook, it would be inconceivable that the framers of the Second Amendment would have tolerated that a free person required permission from the state or federal government to own and bear firearms. Also, it would be even more ridiculous should a free person be imprisoned for not aksing (220). If this right was to be taken away, what would be next? In reality, the Second Amendment was intended to guarantee both the states right and the i ndividuals right to keep and bear firearms. While having this right might breed certain costs, such as the crimes committed with these very firearms, restricting of private ownership of firearms would be even more costly (Halbrook 220). There are over 20,000 laws in place today to try and control firearms. The laws that have the most effect are theShow MoreRelatedThe Gun Control Debate in America1159 Words   |  5 PagesGUN CONTROL DEBATE IN AMERICA Gun control has become a very hot topic of contention in America today. What seems to echo here are two words: â€Å"guns† and â€Å"crime†, in a sense that are these words mutually exclusive to each other? Does the use of guns ultimately lead to crime? On the flip side, have the laws in America restricting firearm use been effective enough to protect the lives of the citizens? These are some of the questions that strike the hearts of many when the gun control debate music isRead MoreThe Highest Amount Of Gun Control Laws1362 Words   |  6 PagesDaniel Danzo Research Paper America has the highest amount of gun related deaths each year in the world. â€Å"In Germany 381, in France 255, in Canada 165 in the United Kingdom 68, in Australia 65, in Japan 39 and in the United States, 11,127† (Moore Michael, 51:15-51:48). Since the United States has the highest number of deaths, it is important to have gun-control laws that restrict people from owning dangerous firearms like machine guns. Gun-control laws should support both sides of the debate. OfRead MoreGun Control Laws Should Have A Good Middle Balance1569 Words   |  7 PagesWhile some people say it takes away their rights , Gun control is a good thing because Less crimes will be committed by firearms, Gun control is good for everyone s safety , and Countries with stricter gun control has less death by firearms .America has the highest amount of gun related deaths each year in the world. â€Å"In Germany 381, in France 255, in Canada 165 in the United Kingdom 68, in Australia 65, in Japan 39 a nd in the United States, 11,127† (Moore Michael, 51:15-51:48). Since the UnitedRead MoreGun Control Laws Should Have A Balance1439 Words   |  6 PagesAmerica has the highest amount of gun related deaths each year in the world. â€Å"In Germany 381, in France 255, in Canada 165 in the United Kingdom 68, in Australia 65, in Japan 39 and in the United States, 11,127† (Moore Michael, 51:15-51:48). Since the United States has the highest number of deaths, it is important to have gun-control laws that restrict people from owning dangerous firearms like machine guns. Gun-control laws should support both sides of the debate. Of course, both sides will notRead MoreGun Control: A Big Issue in the World Today Essay925 Words   |  4 Pagesam sure that you have heard about the issue of gun control. Well, do you really know the full story behind the debate? My goal for this essay is to fully explain everything to you behind this issue and why it is such a big deal in our world today. There are many different problems behind why gun control is such a big issue in the world today, and why some people want gun control and others do not. Through these contrasting opinions on gun control, the world will never fully decide what is completelyRead MoreAmerica Needs Gun Control Laws Essay903 Words   |  4 Pages Guns have been the weapon of choice for some of the most brutal massacres on America soil. Since early history guns have been used mainly for militia and defense purposes. But, the development of new gun technology has made firearms more accessible and deadly. Although the second amendment gives the right to bear arms, guns should be controlled and monitored by the government because guns have contributed to a lot of killings in America and will increase crime rates. Gun control can be definedRead MoreGun Control: A Deadlier Weapon Essay1411 Words   |  6 PagesAre guns killing off humanity? Over the past few years, mass shootings and violence had taken place all over America. It seems like these tragic shootings and events are becoming a trend, and more common in public places. In 2012, a movie theater shooting took place in Aurora, Colorado, where the shooter, James Holmes, left 12 people dead and at least 70 wounded. He would be later found not guilty because of insanity. Another shooting occurred at Sandy Hook Elementary School in Connecticut, whereRead MoreGun Control Essay1485 Words   |  6 Pages Gun control is a heated topic for Americans everywhere, but it is one that needs to be settled and agreed upon. Gun control has been around since after the Civil War. It was first used to keep former black slaves from having the right to own guns. (The reason for this is because some white people were afraid there could be a rebellion from bla cks who were still angry about being enslaved and their rights being taken away.) a little long and wordy Today, gun control is a very sensitive topic forRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control1573 Words   |  7 PagesIn America there is a growing issue some say. The issue being gun control and how guns affect and/or end lives, the even bigger issue though is the issue of how people can or can not write about gun control to educate the public. Gun Control is an issue that needs to be avoided when trying to persuade readers of an opinion for two reasons, the issue of gun control is a terrible essay topic because there are too many emotions involved in gun control debates and because in general there is no goodRead MoreThe Second Amendment vs Gun Control Essay1520 Words   |  7 Pagescould save one child, but many people find this statement to be ridiculous. Gun control is thought of as a government policy or regulations to control or limit the sale and use of firearms. In the U.S. constitution, the 2nd Amendment states that a well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a fre e state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed. Inside America today, gun control is a major issue, especially in the political arena. People debate on the daily

Limitations of New Media Free Essays

New media technologies may have little impact on politics, even change politics for the worse. It has little effect on civic engagement. New media technologies increased political knowledge among citizens already interested in politics, for users who are not, public sphere online is meaningless. We will write a custom essay sample on Limitations of New Media or any similar topic only for you Order Now Social media activists are more democratic, more knowledgeable about current political events and also somewhat more understanding of anti-government sentiment. As the new media technologies provide a platform to talk without consequence and response, they have been widely sed by extreme groups to shape the citizenship and distort democracy. Such as 2011 England riots, the event was also called â€Å"BlackBerry riots† because people used mobile devices and social media such as twitter and facebook to organise. This Issue was launched majority by young people, who face the fierce competltlon and huge employment pressure. They are also the primary users of the social media network. In this Issue, two man , 20 year old Jordan Blackshaw and 22 year old Perry Sutcliffe- Keenan had been sentenced to 4 years In Jall for attempting to use Facebook to rganize and orchestrate† disorder. Blackshaw created a Fackbook event Smash Down Northwich Town, Sutcliffe-Keenan also set up a page encouraging rioting in Warrington. As Assistant Chief Constable Phil Thompson warned, â€Å"The sentences passed down today recognize how technology can be abused to incite criminal activity, and send a strong message to potential troublemakers about the extent to which ordionary people value safety and order in their lives and their communities. † As shown in the London riots, Twitter users send a message to millions. So Tendentious information and hate speech of the extremists can also spread quickly on the twitter, it would stimulate public dissatisfactions of government and make more people who dont know the truth fear and anger. So openness and freedom of the online platform provided by new media technologies reinforce the sense of citizenship and democracy but also have potential to disrupt social order and democracy. 2, Digital divide: Disadvantaged groups- (the poor, the elder, the undereducated, and thous In rural areas-continued to lag behind in their access to and use of the internet. People who lack required knowledge, skill and capital are not easily access to the Internet. Let alone use blogs or youtube. They continued to lag behind In access to the alternative public sphere. 3,For Journalists on social media such as Twitter: Issues of credlblllty. As social media has Impacted the speed of spread of Information and news. There are sometimes situations where the news can be misinterpreted and misleading. It Is only human nature to add and edit what they hear to make It sound better In their minds and this endency Is what makes the â€Å"unofficial news† unreliable. The User Generated Content usually lack of professionalism. It Is called cltlzen Journalism but when a story Is reported even in a post on Twitter or Facebook or Youtube, professionalism is key. story. But usually citizen Journalists record an event and present it to the public, very often without checking all the facts related to the event. 4,political inequality: The differenece between speaking and being heard. It is true that citizens face few formal barriers to posting their view on the twitter or youtube. This is openiness in the most trivial sense. But from the perspective of mass politics, we care most not about who posts but about get read. There are plenty of formal and informal barriers that hinder ordinary citizens’ ability to reach an audience. For the enormity of the content available on social networking sites, people seem to cluster strongly around the top few information sources in a given category. Such as â€Å"trending topics† on the twitter, even through these topics recommened intent to help their users to know what is happening in the world. Trending topics are ometimes the result of concerted efforts and manipulations by preteen and teenaged fans of certain celebrities or cultural phenomena. Public sphere provided by the new media technologies in some extent is not equal for the public to make voice. The elite domination still exists like in the mainstream media. 5, state interference, influence the watchdog function of social media, Although state interference in the political discussion on the social media is generally neglected in the Western world, it is still a major obstacle for truly open, free discussion to happen n less developed democracies. For example, the central government of China employs â€Å"professional writers† to insert the state voice in many corners of social media chat rooms in HongKong and help create a bottom-up participatory control. So falling to see actual political change to arise from their opinion expressions, normal citizens end up voicing the most extreme opinions. Sacrificed in this process is the diversity of opinions and democracy. To conclude, Citizenship refers to the individual citizen self-awareness of his or her position in the nation. It concerns the right to know and speak for public in the democracy society. New media technologies reinforce the sense of citizenship and democratization because Rather than passively receive what the media want to inject to them, people in new media age are more active. The openness of the digital media would allow citizens to compete with Journalists for the creation and dissemination of political information. It broadens the â€Å"public sphere†, gives chances to citizens to engage in the political discussion, challenge domination and allows motivated itizens to be heard by a worldwide audience. But there are also limitations, the extensive use of new media technologies by extreme groups would incite criminal activities and distorts democracy. Disadvantaged groups continued to lag behind in their access to the alternative public sphere. The new media technologies have served to level some existing political inequalities, but it has also created new ones. Government interference in the political discussion will break the Watchdog function of the new media. 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RAM and ROM

Question: Discuss about the RAM and ROM. Answer: Differences between RAM and ROM RAM ROM Also known as Random Access Memory, and the data stored on it can be accessed randomly from any location and at any time, for fast access and manipulation. Also known as Read Only Memory, and the data stored on it cannot be easily modified or reprogrammed. It is necessary for the computer to startup from the boot and is hardwired. As opined by Hummen et al. (2013), it is volatile, which means the data get erased when the system is turned off. It is non-volatile, which means its data does not get deleted when the system is turned off and is permanent. Read and Write functions are performed for applications to run. Its only use is to read information and the data stored here cannot be modified. It is of two types Dynamic RAM (DRAM) and Static RAM (SRAM). It has three categories PROM, EPROM, and EEPROM. Electricity is needed to preserve information. It does not require electricity to maintain data. RAM According to Patterson and Hennessy (2013), RAM is also known as Read Only Memory and is used to store temporary data onto the computer when the system is turned on, which means electricity is needed to store information. It is volatile in nature. Its access speed is very fast, and the processor uses it for a speed boost. Both read and write operations are supported. It is categorized into two types Dynamic RAM (DRAM) and SRAM (Static Ram). SRAM is fast and expensive and is used for CPUs speed-sensitive cache, while DRAM is slower and less expensive and is used for a large amount of RAM space. References: Hummen, R., Ziegeldorf, J.H., Shafagh, H., Raza, S. and Wehrle, K., 2013, April. Towards viable certificate-based authentication for the internet of things. InProceedings of the 2nd ACM workshop on Hot topics on wireless network security and privacy(pp. 37-42). ACM. Patterson, D.A. and Hennessy, J.L., 2013.Computer organization and design: the hardware/software interface. Newnes.